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Understanding Immune Shifts in Mid-Gestation Pregnancies – Exploration of Immunology
Jan 5, 2026, 15:17

Understanding Immune Shifts in Mid-Gestation Pregnancies – Exploration of Immunology

Exploration of Immunology shared a post on LinkedIn about a paper by Rashmi Bhuwalka et al. published in Exploration of Immunology:

“Newly Cited Paper Sharing: Predominant pro-inflammatory environment in mid-gestation pregnant women with history of recurrent pregnancy loss: a South Indian study immunology

Authors: Rashmi Bhuwalka, Sufaya Jameel, Fazul Rahaman, Rajeshwari Bonu, Parveen Jahan

Keywords: Proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, cytokines, immune shift, NLR, TNF-α/TGF-β

Conclusions: Our results are indicative of predominant pro-inflammatory environment during mid-gestation in patients contrary to the anti-inflammatory milieu in controls. This is first study that attempted to connect cytokines with cellular ratio in RPL. The affordability of NLR to track inflammation is promised by its inverse correlation with TGF-β. However, further longitudinal studies are warranted spanning all stages of gestation in normal pregnant and RPL women to establish our observations. The limitations of the study include other factors that drive pro-inflammatory status like emotional dysregulation in women associated with chronic pro-inflammatory status is unexplored.

Academic Editor: Calogero Caruso, University of Palermo, Italy

Published: April 08, 2025

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Exploration of Immunology

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